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NURS 6550: Advanced Practice Care of Adults in Acute Care Settings I | Week 7
Genitourinary, gynecologic, renal, and acid/base conditions may present unique challenges for providers in acute care settings, because presentations of these conditions can vary significantly. Variations occur not just between young adults and older adults but also between females and males. Because of embarrassment or sensitivity, patients also sometimes wait to seek treatment for symptoms of these conditions until they become so severe that health outcomes are poor or even potentially life-threatening. The potential for these conditions to exert a serious impact on patients’ physical and emotional well-being makes it essential for advanced practice nurses to establish trusting relationships with patients. Such trust will help to ensure timely diagnosis and treatment.
This week, you will discuss the effectiveness of health promotion and patient education interactions. Then, as you study patient presentations of genitourinary, gynecologic, renal, and acid/base conditions in acute care settings, you will examine strategies for assessing, diagnosing, and treating patients with these conditions.
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Learning Objectives
By the end of this week, students will:
- Evaluate patient interactions in relation to health promotion and patient education
- Evaluate patients with conditions of the genitourinary, gynecologic, and renal systems and acid/base disorders
- Develop differential diagnoses for patients with conditions of the genitourinary, gynecologic, and renal systems and acid/base disorders
- Develop treatment plans for patients with conditions of the genitourinary, gynecologic, and renal systems and acid/base disorders
Read also: NURS 6560 Week 6:Care of Acute Abdomen and Appendix condition
NURS 6560 Week 1: Scope of Practice of the Acute Care
Discussion: Assessment and Treatment of the Genitourinary, Gynecologic, and Renal Systems and Acid/Base Disorders
Common emergency department complaints are vaginal bleeding, and STIs. An understanding of the differential diagnoses that might occur with pregnant and non-pregnant women is important to grasp. Advanced clinical skills that the Acute Care Nurse Practitioner must be familiar with include the auscultation of fetal heart tones, basic fetal heart monitoring, pelvic exams, and delivery of fetal demise or precipitous deliveries of viable fetuses. Pregnancy can alter the diagnostic possibilities of a patient with acute abdominal pain and change the clinical findings. Advanced pregnancy can make it even more difficult.
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention estimates that there are 19 million new cases of sexually transmitted infections every year in the United States. STIs may present serious health implications for infected patients—especially for those who are unaware of their health condition. Studies show that women are not only at greater risk of contracting these infections, but they also tend to have more severe health problems resulting from infections than men. As an advanced practice nurse, you must educate female patients and emphasize the importance of prevention and STI testing for all women regardless of marital status, race, ethnicity, or socioeconomic status.
Case Study 1
A 19-year-old Asian American female comes into the urgent care clinic. She is complaining of severe abdominal pain, that radiates to her back. She is having a moderate amount of vaginal bleeding. She has a past medical history of PID and has used an IUD in the past. Her vitals are T 37.7, P 116, RR 18, BP 88/50.
Case Study 2
A 31-year-old African American female is brought into the ER with vaginal hemorrhage. She is unsure of her last menstrual period. States she is sexually active and does not use protection. On exam there are large clots noted in the vaginal vault, with possible tissue. Vital signs are T 37, P 134, RR 26, BP 180/110.
Case Study 3
A 21-year-old nulligravida comes to the ER, concerned about vague lower abdominal pain for two days associated with a yellowish, nonodorous, vaginal discharge. Past history reveals regular menstrual periods and no previous surgeries or significant medical problems. Her last menstrual period was normal and ended two days ago. She had a similar episode about eight months ago for which she did not seek care because of lack of health insurance. She is currently sexually active with one partner and has had two partners in the past year. She is not using any type of contraception. On physical exam you note a temperature of 38º C, a regular pulse of 100, and a BP of 110/65. Her abdomen is diffusely tender in both lower quadrants. Pelvic exam reveals a yellowish cervical discharge with cervical motion tenderness and a tender fullness in both adnexa.
To prepare
- Review and select one of the three provided case studies. Reflect on the patient information.
- Consider a differential diagnosis for the patient in the case study you selected. Think about the most likely diagnosis for the patient.
- Think about a treatment and management plan for the patient. Be sure to consider appropriate dosages for any recommended pharmacologic and/or nonpharmacologic treatments.
- Consider strategies for educating patients on the treatment and management of the gynecological condition you identified as your primary diagnosis.
By Day 3
Post an explanation of the differential diagnosis for the patient in the case study you selected. Provide a minimum of three possible diagnoses, and list them from highest priority to lowest priority. Explain which is the most likely diagnosis for the patient and why. Then, explain a treatment and management plan for the patient, including appropriate dosages for any recommended treatments. Finally, explain strategies for educating patient.
Read a selection of your colleagues’ responses.
By Day 6
Respond to at least two of your colleagues on two different days in both of the ways listed below. Respond to colleagues who selected different case studies than you did.
Based on your personal and/or professional experiences, expand on your colleagues’ postings by providing additional insights or contrasting perspectives.